List of Articles on Laboratories, Pilot Plants and Research

Several people have asked me for a list of all my articles on laboratories, pilot plants, and research issues. Here they are separated into subject areas. Please note that some articles could probably be placed in several areas. This list is as of February 27, 2021. I will try and update it as I add more articles.

 Laboratory Hoods and Ventilation

Where is the Best Place to Locate a Hood in a Laboratory? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/where-best-place-locate-hood-laboratory-richard-palluzi  

Can I Have an Electrical Outlet in a Hood? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/can-i-have-electrical-outlet-hood-richard-palluzi

“We Have Ruined the Hood”: The Potential Hazards of Vaporizing Liquids In Hoods at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/we-have-ruined-hood-potential-hazards-vaporizing-liquids-palluzi/

Hoods for Chemical Storage: The Issue We Would Prefer Not To Discuss at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/hoods-chemical-storage-issue-we-would-prefer-discuss-richard-palluzi/

Limiting Hood Openings: A Bad Idea at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/limiting-hood-openings-bad-idea-richard-palluzi/

Hood Sashes at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/hood-sashes-richard-palluzi/

Hood Sashes: The Open (or Closed) Door Policy at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/hood-sashes-open-closed-door-policy-richard-palluzi/

“Why Can’t We Put It In the Hood?” at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/why-cant-we-put-hood-richard-palluzi/

“Just Ignore That Noise, It’s Just The Hood Alarm Again”: Hood Alarms Issues at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/just-ignore-noise-its-hood-alarm-again-alarms-issues-richard-palluzi/

Ventilation Dilution: A Safe Way to Avoid A Fire or Explosion or a Placebo? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ventilation-dilution-safe-way-avoid-fire-explosion-placebo-palluzi/

Ventilated Enclosures for Lowering Area Electrical Classification at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ventilated-enclosures-lowering-area-electrical-richard-palluzi/

Ventilated Enclosures: Why Do They Often Fail to Work Properly at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ventilated-enclosures-why-do-often-fail-work-properly-richard-palluzi/

The Ten Most Common Laboratory Ventilation Mistakes at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ten-most-common-laboratory-ventilation-mistakes-richard-palluzi/

Laboratory Design

“Don’t let the door hit you on the way out”: Door Swings in Laboratories at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/dont-let-door-hit-you-way-out-swings-laboratories-richard-palluzi/

Exhaust Fans: Where Should They Be Located in a Laboratory Building? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/exhaust-fans-where-should-located-laboratory-building-richard-palluzi/

“Not Too Cold Please!”: Tempering Options for Safety Showers for Research Facilities at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/too-cold-please-tempering-options-safety-showers-research-palluzi

Safety Showers: Often Specified But Less Often Thought Through at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/safety-showers-often-specified-less-thought-through-richard-palluzi/

Laboratory and Pilot Plant Electrical Safety

Laboratory Area Electrical Classification at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/laboratory-area-electrical-classification-richard-palluzi/

Runaway Heaters at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/runaway-heaters-richard-palluzi/

Flexible Cords: A Very Abused Connection in Laboratories at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/flexible-cords-very-abused-connection-laboratories-richard-palluzi/

Watchdog Timers at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/watchdog-timers-richard-palluzi/

High or Over Temperature Protection In a Research Environment at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/high-over-temperature-protection-research-environment-richard-palluzi/

Power Strips in Laboratories: How Shocking! at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/power-strips-laboratories-how-shocking-richard-palluzi/

GFI Protection for Laboratories at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/gfi-protection-laboratories-richard-palluzi

Laboratory and Pilot Plant Safety (General)

“My Laboratory is Very Safe.”: The Dangers of Myopic Looks at Laboratory Safety at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/my-laboratory-very-safe-dangers-myopic-looks-safety-richard-palluzi/

Administrative Controls in Laboratories and Pilot Plants: When Might They Be an Acceptable Safety Measure? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/administrative-controls-laboratories-pilot-plants-when-palluzi

Restarting A Laboratory After an Unexpected Shutdown at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/restarting-laboratory-after-unexpected-shutdown-richard-palluzi/

“But It Is Only A Laboratory”: The Often Overlooked Hazards Inherent in Laboratory Operations at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/only-laboratory-often-overlooked-hazards-inherent-richard-palluzi/

The Ten Most Common Laboratory Safety Issues at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ten-most-common-laboratory-safety-issues-richard-palluzi/

“Do You Think We Should Consider This Risk”: The Need for Making Credible Scenarios in Risk Assessment “ at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/do-you-think-we-should-consider-risk-need-making-credible-palluzi/

“How Could This Have Happened?”: The Often Overlooked Hazards of Moving Chemicals Within A Research Facility at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-could-have-happened-often-overlooked-hazards-moving-palluzi/

“But It’s Only an Instrument!”: Issues with Classifying Research Equipment at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/its-only-instrument-issues-classifying-research-richard-palluzi

Safe Where It Is; Safe Where It Is Going: The Often Unrecognized Hazards of Moving Research Equipment at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/safe-where-going-often-unrecognized-hazards-moving-research-palluzi/

Electric Heaters for Research Vessels at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/electric-heaters-research-vessels-richard-palluzi

Laboratory Accidents: A Continuing Problem at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/laboratory-accidents-continuing-problem-richard-palluzi/

Some Comments on the Accident Investigations Report to the University of Hawaii at Manoa on the Hydrogen/Oxygen Explosion of March 16, 2016 at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/some-comments-accident-investigations-report-hawaii-manoa-palluzi/

Glass and Pressure at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/glass-pressure-richard-palluzi/

Periodic Overall Cold Eyes Safety Inspections: An Overlooked Tool in Pilot Plant and Laboratory Safety at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/periodic-overall-cold-eyes-safety-inspections-tool-pilot-palluzi/

Preventing Fires and Explosions in Pilot Plants and Laboratory Units at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/preventing-fires-explosions-pilot-plants-laboratory-units-palluzi/

Flammable and Combustible Liquid Safety

What is the Maximum Allowable Quantity (MAQ) of Hazardous Materials Allowed by Code in a Laboratory or Pilot Plant Area? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-maximum-allowable-quantity-maq-hazardous-allowed-richard-palluzi

Flammable Storage Cabinets Used for Liquid Transfer Operations: Good or Bad Idea? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/flammable-storage-cabinets-used-liquid-transfer-good-bad-palluzi/

Should You Vent a Flammable Storage Cabinet? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/should-you-vent-flammable-storage-cabinet-richard-palluzi/

Compressed Gases

What Do the Numbers Stamped on a Compressed Gas Cylinder Mean? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-do-numbers-stamped-compressed-gas-cylinder-mean-richard-palluzi

Venting Gas Cylinders in a Laboratory at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/venting-gas-cylinders-laboratory-richard-palluzi/

The 10 Most Common Laboratory Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety Issues at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/10-most-common-laboratory-compressed-gas-cylinder-safety-palluzi/

Storage of Incompatible Gases: Easily Said, Harder To Evaluate at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/storage-incompatible-gases-easily-said-harder-evaluate-palluzi/

Toxic Gas Storage and Use Per NFPA 55: Hoods and Ventilated Enclosures in Research Applications at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/toxic-gas-storage-use-per-nfpa-55-hoods-ventilated-research-palluzi/

Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety In Research Applications at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/compressed-gas-cylinder-safety-research-applications-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plants (General)

What is a Good Definition of a Pilot Plant? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-good-definition-pilot-plant-richard-palluzi

What is a Pilot Plant at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-pilot-plant-richard-palluzi/

Classifying Pilot Plants at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/classifying-pilot-plants-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Design

Should You Air Condition a Pilot Plant Space? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/should-you-air-condition-pilot-plant-space-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Safety Systems Parts I and II at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pilot-plant-safety-systems-part-ii-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Safety Systems Parts II at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pilot-plant-laboratory-unit-safety-systems-part-i-richard-palluzi/

Best Practices for Heat Tracing Pilot Plants: Steam, Hot Oil, and Heated Enclosures as Well As Some Overall Issues at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/best-practices-heat-tracing-pilot-plants-steam-hot-oil-palluzi/

Best Practices for Heat Tracing Pilot Plants: Constant Wattage Electric Heat Trace at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/best-practices-heat-tracing-pilot-plants-constant-wattage-palluzi/

Best Practices for Heat Tracing Pilot Plants: Self Limiting Electric Heat Trace at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/best-practices-heat-tracing-pilot-plants-self-limiting-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Feed And Product Handling at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pilot-plant-feed-product-handling-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Analytical Options at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pilot-plant-analytical-options-richard-palluzi/

How Big Do I Need To Build A Pilot Plant: The Vexing Question of Scale at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-big-do-i-need-build-pilot-plant-vexing-question-scale-palluzi/

A Dozen Ways to Get the Most Pilot Plant for Your Money at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/dozen-ways-get-most-pilot-plant-your-money-richard-palluzi/

RTD’s Versus Thermocouples: Which Should I Use? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/rtds-versus-thermocouples-which-should-i-use-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Construction

“But it’s More Expensive!”: Tubing or Pipe for Pilot Plants at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/its-more-expensive-tubing-pipe-pilot-plants-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Design Reviews: An Important Tool for Minimizing Start Up Costs and Improving Operability at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pilot-plant-design-reviews-important-tool-minimizing-start-palluzi/

Lump Sum or Cost Plus: Which Makes Sense for Pilot Plants and Research Support? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/lump-sum-cost-plus-which-makes-sense-pilot-plants-research-palluzi/

Modular Pilot Plant Construction at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/modular-pilot-plant-construction-richard-palluzi/

Contracting Pilot Plants and Research Support: The Good, the Bad, And the Ugly at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/contracting-pilot-plants-research-support-good-bad-ugly-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Project Management – Necessity, Overkill, or Just a Good Idea? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pilot-plant-project-management-necessity-overkill-just-palluzi/

2012 Plenary Talk on Pilot Plants for the AIChE (On the Need for Pilot Plant Standards) at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/2012-plenary-talk-pilot-plants-aiche-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Safety

Can I Put a Pilot Plant in a Laboratory? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/can-i-put-pilot-plant-laboratory-richard-palluzi/

Can you apply NFPA-45 to a Pilot Plant? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/can-you-apply-nfpa-45-pilot-plant-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Safety Standards at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pilot-plant-safety-standards-richard-palluzi/

Types of Space Suitable for Pilot Plant Operations: Laboratories at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/types-space-suitable-pilot-plant-operations-richard-palluzi/

Types of Space Suitable for Pilot Plant Operations: Open Bays at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/types-space-suitable-pilot-plant-operations-open-bays-richard-palluzi/

Types of Space Suitable for Pilot Plant Operations: Containment Cells at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/types-space-suitable-pilot-plant-operations-cells-richard-palluzi/

Types of Space Suitable for Pilot Plant Operations: Separate Buildings at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/types-space-suitable-pilot-plant-operations-separate-richard-palluzi/

Research Project Cost Estimating

“But That Means We Don’t Have Enough Money for Our New Laboratory!” The Dangers of Budget Estimates for New Laboratories at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/means-we-dont-have-enough-money-our-new-laboratory-dangers-palluzi/

“But What Will It Cost?” The Trials and Tribulations of Pilot Plant Cost Estimating at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-cost-trials-tribulations-pilot-plant-estimating-richard-palluzi/

The Practical Effects Of Budget Constraints at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/practical-effects-budget-constraints-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plant and Laboratory Unit Cost Estimates: Should We Progress the Idea or Not? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pilot-plant-laboratory-unit-cost-estimates-should-we-progress/

Research Project Scheduling

We Need to Get Going on This Project”: Issues with Starting Research Projects too Early at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/we-need-get-going-project-issues-starting-research-projects-palluzi at “We Need It Faster”: Issues with Accelerated Pilot Plant Schedules at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/we-need-faster-issues-accelerated-pilot-plant-richard-palluzi/

Reducing Pilot Plant and Laboratory Unit Construction Costs and Schedules at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/reducing-pilot-plant-laboratory-unit-construction-costs-palluzi/

Research Start Up, Commissioning, and Troubleshooting

“Not Another Leak!”: Leakage in Pilot Plants, Laboratory Units, and Laboratory Equipment at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/another-leak-leakage-pilot-plants-laboratory-units-richard-palluzi/

Locating Leaks in Pilot Plants and Laboratory Units and Equipment at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/locating-leaks-pilot-plants-laboratory-units-richard-palluzi/

Testing For Leaks In Pilot Plants at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/testing-leaks-pilot-plants-richard-palluzi/

“What Do You Mean It’s Off By That Much?”: Issues With Real World Vs Theoretical Instrument Accuracy at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-do-you-mean-its-off-much-issues-real-world-vs-accuracy-palluzi/

Tips for Troubleshooting Pilot Plant and Laboratory Equipment at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/tips-troubleshooting-pilot-plant-laboratory-equipment-richard-palluzi

Does Your Reactor Have a Case of the “Vapors”? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/does-your-reactor-have-case-vapors-richard-palluzi/

Pilot Plant Start Up at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pilot-plant-start-up-richard-palluzi/

Research Operations

Continuity Plans at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/research-continuity-plans-richard-palluzi/

The Most Common Pilot Plant and Laboratory Unit Commissioning Problems at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/most-common-pilot-plant-laboratory-unit-commissioning-richard-palluzi/

Off Hours Instructions for Laboratories: Necessary, Nice, or Nuisance at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/off-hours-instructions-laboratories-necessary-nice-nuisance-palluzi/

Hydrostatic Testing of Pilot Plant Scale Tubing: Is it Necessary? at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/hydrostatic-testing-pilot-plant-scale-tubing-richard-palluzi/